Political Dictionary
Early voting allows eligible voters to cast ballots before Election Day.
Definition
Early voting is in-person voting offered during a period before the official election date. States differ in when early voting begins, how long it lasts, which locations are available, and whether an excuse is required. The term generally does not include mail voting, though both are forms of pre-Election-Day voting.
Why It Matters
Early voting can reduce lines, provide flexibility, and expand opportunities for people with work, caregiving, travel, or transportation constraints. It also changes campaign strategy because many votes are cast before the final days.
How It Works
Eligible voters visit designated locations during announced hours, check in, receive a ballot, and vote using procedures similar to Election Day. Ballots are secured and counted according to state law.
History
States expanded early voting at different times, particularly as election administrators sought greater convenience and reduced Election Day congestion.
Example
A county may open several early-voting centers for two weeks before the election.
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