Political Dictionary

Recall Election

A recall election allows voters to remove an elected official before the official’s term ends.

Definition

A recall election is a process through which voters decide whether an elected official should be removed before completing a term. Recall rules exist in many states and localities but generally do not apply to federal officials.

Why It Matters

Recall elections provide a direct accountability mechanism between regular elections. Critics argue they can create instability or become substitutes for ordinary electoral disagreement.

How It Works

Organizers file a recall petition, gather a required number of valid signatures, and meet legal deadlines. If the petition qualifies, voters decide whether to remove the official and, in some systems, who should replace that person.

History

Recall procedures expanded during the Progressive Era along with initiatives and referendums. They have been used for governors, mayors, school-board members, and other state or local officials.

Example

Voters may be asked both whether a governor should be recalled and which candidate should serve if the recall succeeds.

Common Misconceptions

The U.S. president can be removed through a national recall election.
A recall petition automatically removes an official.
Every state permits recall of state officials.

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