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Political Dictionary

Speaker of the House

The Speaker of the House is the presiding officer and principal leader of the House of Representatives.

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Definition

The Speaker of the House is elected by House members at the start of a new Congress or when the office becomes vacant. The Speaker presides over the chamber, influences the legislative agenda, recognizes members to speak, and appoints or helps select members for certain committees.

Why It Matters

The Speaker is central to House strategy, party leadership, negotiations, and scheduling. The position is also in the presidential line of succession after the vice president.

How It Works

A candidate must receive a majority of votes cast for a named person. Once elected, the Speaker works with leadership and committees to move legislation and manage the chamber.

History

The office was established by the Constitution. Its power has varied, growing especially under strong party leaders in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and changing through later procedural reforms.

Example

The Speaker may decide when a major budget bill comes to the House floor.

Common Misconceptions

  • The Speaker must be the longest-serving House member.
  • The Speaker is elected directly by all voters nationwide.
  • The Speaker controls the Senate.