Definition
In the U.S. context, civil law includes lawsuits involving contracts, property, injuries, family matters, employment, and civil rights. It differs from criminal prosecution.
Political Dictionary
Civil Law
Civil law governs disputes between private parties or noncriminal claims against government.
Why It Matters
It provides remedies such as damages, injunctions, and declarations of rights.
How It Works
A plaintiff files a complaint, the defendant responds, discovery occurs, and the matter settles or proceeds to trial.
History
Civil procedure developed from common-law and equity systems.
Example
A consumer may sue a company for breach of contract.
Common Misconceptions
- Civil cases cannot involve government.
- Civil law never leads to financial penalties.
- Civil law means the European civil-code system in every context.
Related Terms
Related Topics
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