Definition
Federal courts include the Supreme Court, courts of appeals, district courts, and specialized tribunals. Their jurisdiction is limited to matters authorized by the Constitution and Congress.
Political Dictionary
Federal Court
A federal court is a court established under federal authority.
Why It Matters
They interpret federal law, resolve constitutional disputes, and hear specified controversies.
How It Works
Cases begin in trial courts or specialized courts and may proceed through appellate review.
History
Congress created lower federal courts in 1789 and expanded the system over time.
Example
A federal court may hear a lawsuit involving a federal civil rights statute.
Common Misconceptions
- Federal courts hear every lawsuit involving residents of different states.
- Federal judges are elected.
- Federal courts are superior to state courts in every matter.
Related Terms
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