Definition
Jurisdiction includes subject-matter authority over a type of dispute and personal authority over the parties. Courts must have jurisdiction before issuing a binding judgment.
Political Dictionary
Jurisdiction
Jurisdiction is a court’s legal authority to hear and decide a case.
Why It Matters
It determines where cases may be filed and protects limits on judicial power.
How It Works
Courts examine the parties, claims, geography, and statutory or constitutional grants of authority.
History
Jurisdictional rules developed through constitutions, statutes, and common-law practice.
Example
A federal court may hear a case arising under federal law.
Common Misconceptions
- Any court can hear any case.
- Jurisdiction and venue are identical.
- Parties can always create subject-matter jurisdiction by agreement.
Related Terms
Related Topics
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