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Political Dictionary

Amendment Process

The amendment process is the constitutional method for formally changing the Constitution.

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Definition

Article V establishes two stages for constitutional amendment: proposal and ratification. Amendments may be proposed by two-thirds of both houses of Congress or by a convention called on application of two-thirds of the states. Ratification requires approval by three-fourths of the states.

Why It Matters

The process allows constitutional change while requiring broad national agreement.

How It Works

A proposed amendment is sent to the states for ratification by legislatures or conventions, as Congress specifies.

History

Twenty-seven amendments have been ratified. All were proposed by Congress, though one was ratified through state conventions.

Example

The Twenty-Sixth Amendment lowered the voting age to eighteen.

Common Misconceptions

  • The president signs constitutional amendments.
  • A national popular vote can amend the Constitution.
  • A simple majority in Congress is sufficient.