Definition
The Fourth Amendment limits government searches and seizures and requires warrants to be based on probable cause and to describe the place and items involved.
Political Dictionary
Fourth Amendment
The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.
Why It Matters
It protects privacy and personal security in criminal investigations and other government activity.
How It Works
Courts assess whether government conduct was a search or seizure, whether it was reasonable, and whether an exception to the warrant requirement applies.
History
The amendment responded to colonial opposition to general warrants and writs of assistance.
Example
Police generally need legal justification before searching a home.
Common Misconceptions
- Every search requires a warrant.
- The amendment applies to private individuals acting alone.
- Illegally obtained evidence is always admitted.
Related Terms
Related Topics
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