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Political Dictionary

Bill

A bill is a proposed law introduced in the House or Senate.

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Definition

A bill is a legislative proposal that would create, change, or repeal law. Bills are numbered, referred to committees, debated, amended, and voted on. Public bills affect the general public, while private bills address specific individuals or entities.

Why It Matters

Bills are the main vehicles through which Congress changes federal law and establishes programs, taxes, penalties, and authorities.

How It Works

A member introduces a bill, which is referred to committee. If reported and passed by both chambers in identical form, it goes to the president for signature or veto.

History

Bills have been central to legislative procedure since the first Congress.

Example

A senator may introduce a bill creating a new cybersecurity grant program.

Common Misconceptions

  • Every introduced bill receives a floor vote.
  • A bill becomes law when one chamber passes it.
  • Only the president can propose bills.